How To Start Affiliate Marketing With No Audience…And Actually Make Money! Affiliate Marketing, Entrepreneurship, Online Marketing, Online Opportunities. Reddit. 04 Choosing Your First Product. 00 each. In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. The Spark By ClickBank training program is replacing ClickBank University as a less complicated and cheaper way to enter the world of affiliate marketing. Why Most People Fail To Make Money Online Successfully . If you check out our order form today, you will find a red Pay Now button at the bottom of the form. Build, market, and scale your business with ClickBank! $6B Commissions Paid. The learning curve is a bit too steep for most people, so it’s not best suited for everyone. is one of the first affiliate networks and has heavily influenced newcomers in the industry. . that is a killer in itself as an affiliate, you can basically auto respond to the customer and tell them to contact the vendor. 💰 Download My FREE Aff. Spark By ClickBank Review? Get my #1 Recommended Online Training Here: - this video:In this. 04 Choosing Your First Product. Our team has designed the ClickBank Blog to be both informative and entertaining by featuring ClickBank writers, guest bloggers, and valuable guides to help you find out what you want to know. Course Navigation. Taught by the employees who run ClickBank and our most successful clients. And full access is yours for only $47 per month. 💰 Download My FREE Aff. The sad reality is that 97% of those who get started in an online business (including Clickbank Affiliates) are likely to fail. But before that, let’s ask ourselves: Is affiliate marketing even a worthwhile business model? On the one hand,. 0 with a whole new methodology. 1. Reply from ClickBank August 26. BBB File Opened: 6/8/2000. The introduction video makes it sound promising, but in reality, this course falls short. You can visit CLKBank. If someone clicks your link and then makes a purchase within 60 days, you get a commission (up to 75% on ClickBank). Earn, Keep & Repeat with ClickBank CPA. Google is the most popular search engine in the world. Passive Income;. Spark is ClickBank’s education program designed to teach you how to make your first $2,000 online as an affiliate in as little as 90 days. Introducing JVZoo. Affiliates. Imagine getting a world-class digital marketing education in just TWO DAYS from leading. Watch Out for Overblown Claims. (4) Companies That Don’t Have a High TrustPilot Rating. Spark by ClickBank Review: Conclusion. You can visit CLKBank. Thank you!Step 4: Create an Affiliate Tracking Link (HopLink) As we’ve touched on so far, you get a commission when someone clicks your special tracking link and then purchases a product you’ve promoted. If you’ve ever seen reviews for ClickBank University, you would know that the training included within that course was really basic, making it a really low-quality training course with a high price tag!. Spark covers the basics of affiliate marketing and informs you about several ways how to get traffic. ClickBank University was created in 2014, and two years later, CBU 2. Sign up for a free ClickBank account to access our industry-leading affiliate marketplace, ultra-reliable tracking, and unrivaled direct response expertise. It makes sense that ClickBank would know exactly what they’re talking. Discover the nuts and bolts of the ClickBank experience for both sellers and affiliates. If you're interested in checking out this book, you can find it here on Amazon. Also provides access to a marketplace of digital products to sell. It’s a legit site I have made $1000s it’s all about finding the right product and promoting it to the right people. You can buy the product, or you can reach out and ask the seller for a review copy. Exposing The Truth About Clickbank Affiliate Marketing In 2021 And How To Make Money On ClickbankI Tried Clickbank With NO MONEY For 50 Hours - is the ONLY ClickBank backed program that is tested and proven to make you your first $2,000 as an affiliate on our platform. 0 retails at a one-time cost of $2497. Ever. It is the official platform through which Clickbank helps people who are new to the world of internet marketing as well as their more experienced counterparts improve their digital market skill set. . Welcome to Spark! Meet Head Instructor Kacey Duncan as she details all the exciting training waiting for you inside your new account. Okinawa Flat Belly Tonic. Our talented team thrives on helping millions of people around the world channel their passion and knowledge into life-changing products available all around the world. The Spark By Clickbank course is a compilation of 17 mini-course that would take you a bit more than 70 minutes to complete. 0 rating, but 14% of reviews are one-star due to account creation issues. So im been looking for a income stream of some sort, heard about Affiliate Marketing. On April 27 and 28, we’re launching ClickBank’s. Example of hook for ClickBank on Facebook Ads Your hook needs to be so interesting that someone who is mindlessly scrolling on social media or intentionally. com rating:2. I’m Robby Blanchard, the number one affiliate on ClickBank, and this is what makes me click. You can review and change the personal information associated with your account by: If you are a ClickBank client, by logging into your account and managing your personal information through your account or by sending an email request to privacy@clickbank. $50 (or $ 200 outside the 7th of the month) Dynamic Data-Driven CPA – Yes. This has it pros and cons, as it makes the affiliate. All of these courses are available to access for a low monthly price – and in them, you’ll learn everything from copywriting to. Agent assisted in canceling this erroneous charge. ClickBank Summit is a FREE two-day virtual event designed to teach you everything you need to know to unlock affiliate marketing and successfully make money online. ”. This version of the course would seem to contain mostly the same content, but it comes with several handy new tools. ClickBank offers plenty of free resources on the ClickBank blog and YouTube channel. Post author: Alexa Smith;In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. For example, say your product’s sale price is $200. What Is Clickbank University? Clickbank University is a new online course that teaches you how to make money with Clickbank and affiliate. This tutorial will show you how to navigate the ClickBank marketplace and start exploring all of the affiliate products ClickBank has to offer. Careers at ClickBank. If a company doesn’t existing on this website, or has a rating lower. ClickBank offers customer services for affiliates and sellers as well as for people who buy products through ClickBank. Learn More. Then I was forced to watch a Spark sales video and when I clicked not interested was sent to the same clown pushing the package deal again and again. Teds Woodworking is one of the best selling products on ClickBank. If you wait too long, the novelty of the product may have worn off. ClickBank Spark has a lot of great resources, but it is not as comprehensive as ClickBank University was in taking you by the hand and teaching you how to start an affiliate marketing business as a beginner. If you made a purchase from ClickBank, it will appears as a charge from CLKBank. 05 Creating and Testing Your Tracking Link. You can access the courses, community, and tools today for 75% off because you’re a loyal ClickBank email subscriber. TikTok Ads (up and coming) Here are a few of Jake Newby’s top reasons why paid traffic is the best place to start for new affiliates. In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. So I'm here to share my happiness as today I made my first sale through my landing page, wahoo! The ad went live only yesterday. Actionable, Tested Framework. Wait, a review of Spark by ClickBank… from ClickBank?! Yep, that’s right! In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. Lionheart Legacy Media. In fact, the company sees six figures in sales every month from affiliates promoting their offers (not including what they. It is great for selling products as well. Much lower compliance requirements which could potentially create risk. Each gravity point is an endorsement of the product, and the higher the gravity, the higher the product’s trustworthiness. . Affiliate marketing, at its core, is about making money online. As you can see from the image above, the overall Trustpilot rating for Spark By Clickbank is a 3. I appreciate that whatever products I purchase through them, I know they have vetted them for quality and compliance. This is the reply I received from ClickBank (disapproved): " ClickBank clients wishing to act as an affiliate do not need to save and submit products for approval. If you want to take your learning to the next level, check out Spark by ClickBank , our official affiliate marketing education program with courses on copywriting, email marketing, paid ads, organic traffic, and more! Finally, the Super Affiliate plan is the most expensive one currently sold by Spark by ClickBank and it is priced at $1,997 for a whole year (be aware that the normal price is $8,568 so that is a significant sale). 1) It has a low barrier to entry. Lesson 1 – Performance Affiliate Marketing. Enroll in Spark for 50% Off. But in the spirit of full disclosure, you should know that ClickBank owns and manages the Spark education. Spark’s course gives you an in-depth introduction to affiliate marketing across 17 modules. Spark By ClickBank Review. Q: What is Spark? A: Spark is the only ClickBank-endorsed education platform. VIP invite to Spark Live, ClickBank’s premier educational event; Account & milestone-based rewards . Spark By Clickbank Review. Speechelo. My name is Robby Blanchard and over the past 5 years I have been a top affiliate, AND have had a top product on ClickBank. Yes, it is. In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. 4. Spark is ClickBank’s education program designed to teach you how to make your first $2,000 online as an affiliate in as little as 90 days. Sparks mobile plans are twice the price for less than half the data compared to Australia. Try Spark . Sergio Guzzardi. Clickbank has taken the time to upgrade the retail side of the platform but has neglected the affiliate marketplace. Free For Members . Sell Physical Stuff Online. After joining our family, if you feel like this is not the best community that connects you with ClickBank insiders and helps you reach that highly prestigious affiliate “1%”…we will gladly grant you a full refund for. ClickBank Top Offers POPULAR. Reviews . I just received an email of another month's charge and finally got it cancelled, (hopefully) but the damage was done, their greed apparent. WELCOME to the ClickBank Family and Spark Training! Did you know the top 20% of ClickBank affiliates generate over 80% of ALL total commissions on the platform. Unlike the other courses, Spark is significantly less expensive. To start working with the ChatGPT AI tool, you need to first go to the OpenAI website at 2. In. 3% of the people who click on your ad buy the product you are promoting, earning you, on average, one affiliate sale per day. Don't buy into this garbage. All of these courses are available to access for a low monthly price – and in them, you’ll learn everything from copywriting. The quality of the products are mostly good, at least if you sort to find high gravity items. This broad category on ClickBank pulls together a lot of different sub-niches, including tarot, astrology, psychics, hypnosis, and Law of Attraction. ClickBank Money Back Guarantee. Clickbank Spark Review. approval or review of these products or any claim. Spark account dashboard. Read reviews on this company and research possible. My 1st sale via Clickbank. Courses. Despite their improvements, the top-ranked products often induce skepticism. Wait, a review of Spark by ClickBank… from ClickBank?! Yep, that’s right! In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. Price: $9 plus $397 in upsells, but you'll also need a $100/month solo ads budget. Lionheart Legacy Media. Spark account dashboard. Previous LessonNext Lesson. So ClickBank purchases your product at 92. If you’re in the US, the phone number is 1-800-390-6035. ClickBank’s role as retailer does not constitute an endorsement, approval or review of these products or. approval or review of these products or any claim. I was interested in spark nd just got… I was interested in spark nd just got done watching about training and how to start making money I have signed up for about a month with Clickbank and I have been watching utube affiliate s say you can make money just do this well they Lied cuz I am not very computer smart I do have about 10 a day to really start. In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. View the latest top offers on ClickBank’s marketplace. : RedTrack, Voluum, and CPV Lab Pro are top-notch tools that ClickBank integrates with. 01 Getting Started with ClickBank. Clickbank chat fianlly agreed to off a refund for a service not received and vendor not replying to email. Once you have the product, you can really invest in using it and documenting the results. TrustPilot is the place where you should be going to do to get real consumer reviews about products/services that you plan on buying. As for how I ranked these sites, it's as simple as finding the right keywords, writing the content, and getting the right backlinks. Aweber costs $194 (Annual plan works out cheaper) Approximate cost of $10 for your own domain. That includes paid traffic though and as mentioned already, paid traffic should be used only as a boost of what already works. Written by income24x7 Affiliate marketing ClickBank Reviews. com. Hypotenuse AI has an easy-to-use user interface, and the output is strong compared to other AI tools. Step 2: Choose Good Affiliate Programs. Learn how Spark by ClickBank can help you generate income as an affiliate on Clickbank! Previous Post. The remainder of the money is then split between the seller and the affiliate via the RevShare or CPA commission structure – whichever they’ve agreed to. 12:30 pm. Spark does seem to be an improvement, but don’t think that this improvements have made it anywhere near worthwhile for a complete beginner. Read about their experiences and share your own! A comprehensive review of Spark by ClickBank, the official affiliate marketing training by the popular platform. Accelerator. That ended up being a good decision, because his content was pushed to a lot of brand-new viewers on TikTok, which helped him expand his reach and grow his following!Spark By Clickbank Review At A Glance. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Next on our list of top weight loss affiliate programs is NitriLean. ClickBank’s role as a retailer does not constitute an endorsement, approval or review of these products or any claim, statement. Previous Post. AI is a great resource if you want to brainstorm or generate ideas and analyze patterns and trends for new campaigns. Spark by Clickbank is also offering its students access to a private Facebook group for community support. Since you have an account created, to get started as an affiliate, all you need to do is create HopLinks, which you will use to. ClickBank’s Spark platform educates new and existing affiliates with in-depth online marketing training – created by our own team of experts. Spark By ClickBank is supposed to be for people who just starting out with digital marketing. Side Hustle. Our research and feedback from real students has led us on an exciting journey. Step 2: Click the Profile tab or click the Complete My Profile button. ; Grav: Gravity, the number of affiliates that sold this product in the last 12 weeks. Lesson 2 – What is Direct Response Marketing? Lesson 3 – Affiliate Terms / Glossary. ClickBank is an affiliate marketing platform that allows you to become a member and promote other peoples products (often online courses) and receive a commission for each sale made. ClickBank is always reliable. Spark is a trusted collection of courses, community, and tools to help you learn affiliate marketing, how to use ClickBank, and how to drive traffic in order to kick start your efforts to make money online. 10 Best Supplement Affiliate Programs on ClickBank (Updated Yearly) Ikaria Lean Belly Juice. Only sellers need to submit their products for review. Check out my FREE training👉: this Spark By ClickBank review, you can. When you consider the devices and sites your audience uses, you know that Google has its finger in almost every metaphorical pie out there. Copywriting, email marketing, funnel building, potentially ads, video editing, and more. Tips for New Affiliates. Spark by ClickBank is an introductory training course that talks about affiliate marketing and how ClickBank fits in. Hey there, readers! Today we’re on a mission to find the best affiliate marketing course out there. It is great for selling products as well. Pros: You may learn some new traffic methods but be warned, the training is based around reselling the training. Reddit and Quora also offer mixed reviews, with some users satisfied and. Spark By Clickbank Review In this video we look at Spark By Clickbank Prod. If you made a purchase from ClickBank, it will appears as a charge from CLKBank. Founder: ClickBank. In this video I'm share my thoughts on Clickbank Spark and Clickbank Spark LIVE. With Spark, you’ll get access to all of the courses, tools, and community you need to grow your. Spark account dashboard. In either place, you’ll see a string of letters and numbers. Clickbank is an affiliate network for digital products, such as ebooks, courses, and software. $200 bucks I didn't have thrown away. How ClickBank Works. Category: Dietary Supplements. Navigate through the page to find the ChatGPT section on the website. Clickbank is only worth it if you really know what you're doing, you have an email list that trusts you already, know the products that are being launched before they are even launched yet, and know how to be a vendor on there and launch your own products and get affiliates to sell for you like in Muncheye. Analytics. ClickBank optimizes too! Even the ClickBank Product and Development Team have split tested to optimize ClickBank’s Order Form. Learn about the pros, cons, price, refund policy, course structure, and student feedback of this course. The disappointing part about Spark is that it has become a money grab. Finally, the Super Affiliate plan is the most expensive one currently sold by Spark by ClickBank and it is priced at $1,997 for a whole year (be aware that the normal price is $8,568 so that is a significant sale). Your ClickBank questions answered. Why Most People Fail To Make Money Online Successfully . Spark Live 2022 is the second Spark Live event from ClickBank, taking place on April 20-21, 2022. 🔥 Click Here To Buy Buyers Traffic From My VIP Agency 👉 With Me 1 To 1 💰 👉 Earn. - Spark by Clickbank: Offers courses on digital marketing, traffic generation, and product creation. Spark By ClickBank Review – Conclusion. Spark account dashboard. ClickBank is a legitimate and popular affiliate network that pays affiliates on time and offers a variety of products to promote. Inside Spark, you’ll get access to. Spark by clickbank review. Spark is a trusted collection of courses, community, and tools to help you learn affiliate marketing, how to use ClickBank, and how to drive traffic in order to kick start your efforts to make money online. ClickBank Pricing: ClickBank has a one-time activation fee of $49. Spark By Clickbank is not a bad choice by any means but there are far better alternatives if you know where to look. 02 Setting Up Your Account. 1) Use TikTok as a Discovery Engine. Once you've paid for it, you'll get access to 17 Modules and 65 videos. There's a lot of problems with Spark and Clickbank in general. Step 1:Log in to your ClickBank account. $200 bucks I didn't have thrown away. com for order support, or call our 24/7 customer service line at 1-800-390-6035. But what might surprise you is how AI can analyze patterns and trends. For example, the 7-Day Challenge is priced at $7 on its own and the $100/Day Formula is $497. Wait, a review of Spark by ClickBank… from ClickBank?! Yep, that’s right! In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s meant to teach, and how it’s evolved since we launched it way back in 2020. The video lessons are great for a beginner but most of this info is easy to get free on Google. Jasper’s AI can write content 5X times faster and offer advanced commands to make copy that reads smoothly. Teds Woodworking. Policies & Legal . There are no reviews yet. Its parent company is – unsurprisingly – named Clickbank, and they seem to have a well-polished website and a decent reputation. It’s a ClickBank course that teaches people how to use various affiliate marketing tools and concepts, like direct response marketing, to establish a successful online business. Find "how-to" guides, FAQs, tips, and tactics for all things Accelerator--ClickBank's premier funnel building tool that empowers users to run affiliate traffic. In this video, you will see one of the best underground strategies that my students and I are using to generate thousands of dollars in affiliate commissions. This video is about Spark by Clickbank Review - ⚡REAL HONEST REVIEW PART 1⚡Check out 👉 👈 if you want to gain access to a free. Since its launching in October 2020, its students have already notched up some impressive victories! These are only some of their accomplishments: ClickBank's online reviews provide a mixed perspective. The Spark team has worked side by side with ClickBank experts and staff to combine 20+ years of digital marketing experience into a single education. I always loved trying to make certain each customer had a great experience after they walked through the door. 1444 S Entertainment Ave Ste 410, Boise, ID 83709-3816. LV. Hypotenuse dons many hats beyond just copywriting! It’s also an image generator that can create beautiful images with just a few words as input. This is a space designed for sharing ideas, answering. Ronnie. I think Spark is a great idea and… I think Spark is a great idea and serves the basic needs of someone starting out wanting to be a clickBank affiliate. Wait, a review of Spark by ClickBank… from ClickBank?! Yep, that’s right! In this updated Spark by ClickBank review for 2023, I want to provide context about where the Spark affiliate education platform came from, what it’s all about, who it’s. Traffic Source #2: Social Media. Spark is a trusted collection of courses, community, and tools to help you learn affiliate marketing, how to use ClickBank, and how to drive traffic in order to kick start your efforts to make money online. . Next Post. We’ll show you how to find top offers, offers by category, and how to search for specific offers by name. I recently joined this program and also have a lot of experience (and success) on this subject. Our clients tend to. Overall rating: 2/5. Lesson 4 – How ClickBank Fits In. Rated among one of the top 100 businesses in the world, ClickBank is perhaps one of the best affiliate programs worldwide. For paid traffic on Facebook just make a buffer site like a blog. . With Spark’s comprehensive affiliate marketing coursework, tools, and community, you’ll get the essential skills. 1) Spark by ClickBank. Spark offers courses for all levels. ClickBank E-commerce Platform & Affiliate Marketplace. Spark By Clickbank, proudly sponsored by ClickBank, offers a comprehensive affiliate marketing training course. ClickBank will purchase the product from you when a customer makes an order. ClickBank Review: Conclusion. It’s been a money-maker since 2010, which also makes it one of the products with the greatest longevity in this fast-paced online marketing world. Spark by ClickBank Review - Conclusion: Spark is a training course created by ClickBank for a ClickBank user, to sell products from ClickBank. Spark account dashboard. $200 bucks I didn't have thrown away. 02 Setting up Your Account. Section 5: Analytics and Tracking Questions. Spark is full of very valuable content, but for a newbie I felt lost, you don't know where to start. Clickbank U/Spark- Not many great reviews or testimonials of success. - Legendary Marketer: Provides courses on marketing, sales, leadership, and branding. 0 rating, but 14% of reviews are one-star due to account creation issues. You heard right. Date of experience: 14 September 2023. After joining our family, if you feel like this is not the best community that connects you with ClickBank insiders and helps you reach that highly prestigious affiliate “1%”…we will gladly grant you a full refund for. Spark By ClickBank Review – Conclusion. Izabela Fukano leveraged the power of Facebook Ads to drive her affiliate marketing efforts, ultimately reaching Platinum after three years in May of 2023. Additionally, there are top. Nearly 10 years ago as a. Trying to become good at it will force you to become good at community building, branding, and direct response marketing. Price:$37/month. REAL ClickBank Data. Discover how to find products, work with sellers, and earn commissions through your promotions. I’ve been in the internet marketing space for. 05 Creating and Testing Your Tracking Link. 12 Years in business. 5% + $1 transaction fee from the total purchase price, followed by dynamically generated sales tax and any relevant shipping fees. So is ClickBank even available without buying their junk sales crap. Date of experience: September 30, 2023. I just received an email of another month's charge and finally got it cancelled, (hopefully) but the damage was done, their greed apparent. We had a- Robby: Thank you. . Date of experience: September 14, 2023. I took the 7 day challenge, of course 7 dollars is not much money. At the end of the day, thousands of dollars in sales can quickly. This one comes with absolutely all of the perks, including access to the VIP community. Years in Business: 25. 64 out of 5, with many payment-related complaints. But now in 2023, there is a much better course for your money…. Spark account dashboard. Thanks for shining some light on, hopefully we’ll get the spark as well. Wait, a review of Spark by ClickBank… from ClickBank?!. Email Marketing Tool. Spark by ClickBank is definitely one of the better places to learn about the basics of affiliate marketing. A curated hub of affiliate marketing know-how, e-commerce insights, and ClickBank education. ClickBank’s role as a retailer does not constitute an endorsement, approval or review of these products or any claim, statement or opinions used in the promotion of these products. 05 Creating and Testing Your Tracking Link. ClickBank Tracking Link in blog. Kyle Meredith, ClickBank Business Development Manager, has compiled a list of top mistakes that new affiliates make, and expert insights on how to avoid them. . There are two main ways to make money using Clickbank. So im been looking for a income stream of some sort, heard about Affiliate Marketing. Please watch my Spark by ClickBank 7 Day Challenge Review - Is it worth it? This will help you determine if it is right for you. Reviewed Oct. The learning curve is a bit too steep for most people, so it’s not best suited for everyone. 64 out of 5, with many payment-related complaints. Spark has over 70 videos that harness the power of ClickBank’s two decades of expertise and is the best way to shorten the time between now and your first ClickBank paycheck. Learn what works, what doesn’t and what’s new through real experiences from both beginners and experts. Spark account dashboard. This is a good one, enjoy!Need help getting started?1. 7M in sales on ClickBank, and students with sales end up making $3,543. Some call Spark Clickbank a scam and then there are some who call it legitimate. 59in 1 day. Higher compliance requirements to protect you and your product. By the way, John Chow is one of the most successful and highly respected bloggers globally. 50 pay period processing fee. ClickBank is the marketplace to be in. 1) AI for Campaign Ideation. ClickBank has completely changed my life. It only covers the basics, and you can find similar content for free on the web or YouTube. ClickBank Tracking Link in blog. 0 with a whole new methodology. Meanwhile, the phone number for international customers is 1-208-345-4245. ClickBank offers plenty of free resources on the ClickBank blog and YouTube channel. (Just $33/mo billed semi annually) I understand I’ll be charged $197 for 6 months of access. Free For Members . 1. The training is low quality, misses very important aspects of affiliate marketing and the programs on Clickbank are low quality.